The Family That Walks on All Fours Essay Example for Free

The Family That Walks on All Fours Essay In The Family that Walks on All Fours, a documentary by PBS NOVA, a genetic anomaly was discovered in a remote location in Turkey. A family of twenty-one, two parents and nineteen children, six of the children were born quadrupedal. The diagnosis was a debate between reverse evolution and a mental deficiency in the cerebellum; both of which deal with genetics. However, it was not debatable that many key factors such as inbreeding amongst close relatives, isolation, the nature of the genes involved, and the role of environment and culture on the expression of the gene. Inbreeding amongst many species is common and not usually deleterious, but with the complexity of the human genome increases the chance of mutations. The reason inbreeding is common amongst many animals is because of assortative mating, which is a reproductive isolating mechanism in which a mate is chosen based upon certain specifications deemed valuable to the species. This is also a form of pre-zygotic selection. In the case of the family observed the parents were found to be first cousins, which is unusual for members of our species to mate when that closely related. One of the potential reasons for why this inbreeding could have happened is the geographical isolation. The community is in essence allopatric to the neighboring towns since that sort of travel is unfeasible to their lifestyle. It is unlikely that this family is a â€Å"genetic throwback† or a â€Å"missing link† and it was almost offensive to the family to act as if they were in reverse evolution, especially with the culture of the surrounding community. Throwing around labels like these are not helpful to a family in need of help of medical assistance so they are not seen as demons or monsters. However, this family could provide critical information about mobility in regards to the genome. MRI scans suggested that the brothers and sisters have a form of cerebellar ataxia. The condition affects the brains cerebellum, which is located at the top of the neck and is associated with balance and muscle coordination. Since it has been discovered, according to the video, that there is a basic set of â€Å"blueprints† odds are there is a gene for cerebral development. If the gene associated with cerebral development could be located it could not only help this family but many others with diffe rent cerebral defects as well. Due to the culture, the oldest brother taught himself to walk upright. With assistance and physical therapy majority of the affected siblings have been able to begin to walk upright. Some conclusions that can be drawn would be that this quadrupedalism is a recessive since only five out of nineteen children are affected. It cannot be sex linked for many reasons, one of which being that three daughters and two sons were affected. It is possible by definition that it could be a lethal allele in the aspect that there was a miscarriage and it clearly interferes with essential genes, but it probably is not. Hopefully continued research can lead to further insight into what genes are involved with this condition and more knowledge about cerebral development, motor function, and evolution.

What Makes A Good English Teacher?

What Makes A Good English Teacher? It is absolutely true that we are those who choose what we want to be. Sometimes we choose to be someone that we can not be. If we talk about professions, with no doubt we can say that teaching is like no other profession. In my opinion not every person who wants to be a teacher should be a teacher. Some people list teaching as one of easiest professions, they often thing to change their own professions with teaching profession. These people think that the process of teaching is very easy, with no difficulties and they think that teachers do not have a lot of things to do. But for sure its not true. Even as every other profession teaching has its specifics. Before I start speaking about process of teaching, I would like to mention some of essential (basic) qualities that teachers should have. First of all, they have to know their subject. Now is considered that good teachers should not only know the subject matter because nowdays the teacher is not considered the only source of information, I certainly agree with this theory, but I consider that you should not be a good teacher of English language if you dont know English, by this I mean that good teacher expect other specifics he/she should know the subject. Then other quality that the teacher must possess is the quality called knowing your students, by knowing our students we will know what do they need, what do they know and what they dont know. Of course by knowing our students we will use the appropriate method for them during the process of teaching. And the third quality which I wanted to mention is being prepared for the class. The last one is related with both the first and the second one. And by this we would not be possible to fail at, because we know the subject matter, we know our students, and we are prepare d well. In my opinion being prepared means that we know what we are going to lecture, which method we will use, then we know how long we will speak to students etc. When we talk about teaching, should be said that there are a multitude of elements that satisfy it. In my future as a teacher, I would like to be a teacher that inspires students to love learning, explore new fields of study, and miss the school, not the other one who does just the opposite. Of course I would like to be defined as a good teacher, and as a good teacher I would like let my students know that I am the one who pushes them to do their best and at the same time Ill try to make learning interesting as well as creative. I would like my students to be open with me, to discuss things with me. Ill be there to help them. I would like to encourage my students to be not just good students, but to be good people too. I dont want them to be good memorizers of texts. I want them to learn and be able to apply what they learned, not just to pass the tests. I dont want to stop teaching when the bell rings. I am going to hold extra sessions for them if it is necessary. Some students need extra attention. Ill take my job seriously because one day I would like to be proud with my students. Expect these things good teachers should know well how to talk to their students. From my experience I learned that teachers who talk loudly and teachers who usually knock with a chalk or a stick on a table or blackboard they usually disturb students then they get afraid of their teachers. So great importance as future teacher I will also dedicate this topic, I will try to eschew things that make students feel confused. It is important students to feel good during my communication with them. The truth is that every thing in schools should be made in favor of the students. In the beginning of this essay I said that it is important for teachers to know their subject, but expect this they should know how to interpret things they know to their students. As every good teacher in my future I will try to be simple and logical. Even more Ill try to give to my students all kinds of information that they need. Another interesting and important issue for which it was debated a lot, is the issue of who should talk more students or teacher. Its good to have a balance between S TT (Student Talking Time) and TTT (Teacher Talking Time). While we are talking about English teachers it is better to have the maximum of STT because students will practice words that they learn during debating and they will be more freely, but teachers assistance will be welcome. In this case as a future teacher I will organize the class and the time in that way that my role to be just as an assistant, Ill just give instructions to students in the beginning and then Ill let them work in groups or other methods, but Ill assist them every time they need my help. So by this I think they will be more independent. Another important point is the way we organize our lectures. We have to choose different styles of teaching. Teachers especially at elementary level, need to be very creative with their teaching style, because not every child learns the same way, nor are they interested in same things. Teachers should use variety lectures, because students need surprises, they get bored writing all the time or listening all the time. Despite this teachers need to be careful, they have to find a balance in which all students will feel good and satisfied. Some students like changes some not. Some of them feel unsafe in these changes and are afraid to speak or be part of classroom activities. Nowdays teachers use plans for each class, but in my opinion we should not use plans, because good teachers should be always prepared or better say they should be flexible. I decided to become a teacher, because for me being a teacher is a pleasure. It is good to know that there is a child that adores and loves you. And Ill be more satisfied when Ill know that they are learning things from me. I do not like to be adorable from my students just because Im their teacher, but I would like them to value my work. I thing that I have sufficient reasons to become a teacher. I hope one day to be the most successful teacher. Motion Sickness: Causes and Treatments Motion Sickness: Causes and Treatments Contents Introduction – Main Content – Reasons that cause motion sickness – Motion Sickness Symptoms – Ways of avoiding motion sickness – Treatment for Motion Sickness – Medications for Motion Sickness – Conclusion – Bibliography Introduction – Motion sickness is also known as kinetosis. This sickness occurs when there is discrepancy between person’s mind perceiving a movement and signal that person’s sense of balance sends to mind. This is also some time referred to as travel sickness. It is considered as a condition in which disagreement exist amongst senses of vestibular system of the movement and the visually perceived movement. In order to understand motion sickness, it is important to understand a few parts of the human body and how they affect the way a person feel the movement. The following are the important parts Inner ears: Liquid in semi circular Inner ear is responsible for telling person if he/she is in motion. The motion may be upward, downward, side to side, round and round, forward, or backward. Eyes: Eyes are also part of human body that tells the person if he/she is in motion. It also tells person in which direction he/she is moving. Skin receptors: These receptors are responsible for informing person’s brain as to which parts of his/ her body are touching the floor. Muscles and joint sensory receptors: These receptors are responsible for informing person’s brain about the motion of muscles and position of body. (KH, 2011) Main Content – Motion sickness is like a puzzle. Motion sickness can occur from various types of sickness such as – Roller coasters sickness Car sickness Air sickness Sea sickness And other Complex type of movement which involve slow movement or movement in two different directions (such as upward and downward plus forward and backward). When body is in any type of motion the brain receives signals immediately from different parts of a person’s body, which it tries to put together in order to get a total picture about what he/ she is doing at that particular moment. In case different parts of pictures, in form of signal that brain receives from different parts of body do not match, people suffer from motion sickness. There are no investigative tests that can determine motion sickness. It can only be determined from the typical symptoms that appear when person is travelling or is in any type of passive motion. (Marks, 2012) Example of motion sickness – Consider as case wherein person is travelling in a bus and reading book. Now, since person is sitting in moving bus his/her inner ear and skin receptors will sense forward motion. However, since persons eyes are focused on book which is stationary and also person is sitting so both eyes and muscle receptors informs brain that that there is no motion. As a result of these different signal received from different parts of body brain gets confused. Reasons that cause motion sickness – From above example it can be seen that cause of motion sickness is discrepancy in signals received from different parts of body. The inner ear and skin receptors tell person’s brain that person is moving while eyes and muscle receptors of person tells person’s brain that he/she is stationary. As a result of this inconsistency in signals received person’s brain comes to conclusion that he/she is hallucinating and that it is caused due to intake of poison or neurotoxin. The brain in order to drive poison or neurotoxin out of body will induce vomiting. (Mandal, 2014) Motion Sickness Symptoms – The following are the motion sickness symptoms – Nausea, Vomiting, and Dizziness are main signs of motion sickness. Increased salivation, Sweating, pale skin, and a feeling of uneasiness and not feeling fine are also some of the symptoms of motion sickness. Motion sickness’ severity may vary from person to person and even in same person on different days. In most of the cases signs of motion sickness go away after the motion comes to halt. However, there are cases in which people feels signs of motion sickness even after motion comes to halt. This feeling of motion sickness can last few days. Studies have highlighted fact that some people are more likely to experience motion sickness as compared to others and they are – Women are more likely to experience motion sickness in comparison to man and further pregnant women are more likely to experience motion sickness. Motion sickness can also occur because of genes, so if a person have relatives who experience motion sickness, he/ she are more likely to struggle with it as well. Motion Sickness can mostly prevail among children around the age of 12 years. Infants and Children below the age of two years generally don’t experience motion sickness. Motion sickness is common among people suffering from migraine headaches (Marks, 2012) (UoM, 2012) Ways of avoiding motion sickness – There are several ways in which motion sickness can be prevented. These are: Putting face forward – It is suitable to always sit facing forward and avoids facing backward on the seat or sit in a seat that faces backward. This is because sitting in direction of in which motion is taking place helps in keeping the motion sensed by the person’s eyes and ears the same. Get to the middle of things – In order to prevent motion sickness person should always try to sit in a place which experiences minimum amount of motion. For example if person is travelling through airplane he/she should try sitting near the middle of airplane instead of sitting at sides or front. Same is the case when travelling through ship. Examine the great outdoors – In order to avoid sickness while travelling person should try to look outside. For example when sitting in car or airplane or ship person should see out of windows. This will enable eyes of person to send proper signal to brain that he/she is motion. Avoid Smoking Limit the intake of the alcohol (UoM, 2012) Treatment for Motion Sickness – Following are the options for treatment of motion sickness Physical therapy: In this therapy recurrent head movements and visual cues are used in order to generate the environment that induces motion sickness in person. In this way person’s brain is trained to get habituated to this type of motion. This training of person’s mind leads to decrease in motion sickness over time. Some studies show that Manual pressure or pressure using a bracelet or wrist band can be effective for motion sickness. However, there are other studies don’t agree to this fact. Lemon cure: Lemon is also used to reduce symptoms of motion sickness. Sucking on a lemon helps in avoiding excess salivation thereby preventing nausea. There are studies which show that if person takes 1-2 grams of ginger before travelling, he /she may experience reduced symptoms of motion sickness. However, this impact of ginger is not because of suppression of sensory input but due to impact ginger on gastric mobility. (Lackner, 2013) Medications for Motion Sickness – The following are the mediations for motion sickness Antiemetic (anti-nausea) medications are used to control nausea and vomiting after motion sickness have developed. Examples of medications are: Zofran and Compazine. Antihistamine medications, such as Bonine, Aller-Chlor, Marezine, for children, and Dramamine are available for motion sickness. Antidopaminergics medications, such as Pentazine and Reglan. Scopolamine is also used. It is most commonly administered as a patch applied to the skin. All these medication have some or the other side effects such as sleepiness, distorted vision, dry mouth, movement disorders and retention of urine in elderly people. (UoM, 2012) (Tillman, 2014) Conclusion – From our study of Motion Sickness and its causes it can be seen that it is not any type of illness. Also it has no long standing complications. However, symptoms of motion sickness nausea and vomiting if last long can prove to be dangerous. It has been observed if symptoms such vomiting lasts long it can lead to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities, which may further lead to more severe problems such as fainting, low blood pressure, or irregular heart beat. Thus, motion sickness can be prevented if proper care and precautions are taken. Bibliography KH. (2011). Whats Motion Sickness? Retrieved April 19, 2014, from KidsHealth: http://kidshealth.org/kid/talk/qa/motion_sickness.html Lackner, J. R. (2013). Motion sickness. Retrieved April 19, 2014, from http://www.brandeis.edu/graybiel/publications/docs/190_ms_encns.pdf Mandal, D. A. (2014, April 19). Causes of motion sickness. Retrieved April 19, 2014, from NEWS Medical: http://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-motion-sickness.aspx Marks, J. W. (2012). Motion Sickness. Retrieved April 19, 2014, from http://www.onhealth.com/motion_sickness/article.html Tillman, L. (2014). Motion Sickness. Red Lemonade. UoM. (2012). Motion sickness. Retrieved April 19, 2014, from University of Maryland: http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/condition/motion-sickness

A Biological Look at Suicide Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Efficiency Above All: A Biological Look at Suicide "And let me ask you this; the dead, where aren't they?" – Franz Wright, New Yorker Magazine, Oct. 6, 2003 "Dear Mom and Dad," the letter begins benignly, "Thank you for all of your commitment. But I am not a suitable daughter, and you will all be better off without me. Please realize I have done this for your own good." Nothing more. And beside it, Mr. and Mrs. A find their daughter, dead by her own hand. So begin the episodes of anguished soul-searching, of horrific "if-onlys" experienced by the family members of countless suicides. Anyone who has faced what Mr. and Mrs. A now grapple with knows that the girl is wrong: they will not be better off, not feel happier, without her. Yet each year, thousands of suicide victims express similar convictions: I am killing myself, they reassure us, for your own good. This thinking – this appeal for selflessness that our society cannot condone – where does it come from? Why, in truth, do people kill themselves? The problem of suicide ravages the minds of its survivors – of philosophers – and, more recently, of psychologists. We simply cannot understand it. Why suicide? While many non-biological scientists are inclined to define suicide as a conscious act – thereby excluding, perhaps, all non-human self-inflicted deaths (1), (2) – lets us stick with the more basic definition of suicide as self-murder, with or without cognitive "knowledge" or "intent" (***). And, as the concerned psychologists plunge on in their direction, let us examine this problem from a different standpoint, that of biology. In order to make sense of the biology of suicide, however, we must first understand the more general omnipresent phenomenon: death.... ...ants, a good description of self-destruction of cells, this time in plants http://www.sebiology.org/bulletin/july2002/plant.htm 9)Foucault , Michael. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Random House: New York, 1977. 10) Weizmann Institute of Science: Death of a Cell, a discussion of one series of studies of cellular apoptosis http://wis-wander.weizmann.ac.il/site/EN/weizman.asp?pi=422&doc_id=436&interID=138&sq=138 NOT CITED IN TEXT 11) http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1997/07/970722090258.htm>Stopping "Cellular Suicide" Could Boost Production in Biotech Labs, a look at some of the cons of cellular suicide in terms of technology 12)Researchers Find New Way to Trigger Self-Destruction of Certain Cancer Cells, a scheme for putting cellular suicide to use for humans! http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-06/sjcr-rfn061803.php

Naukri.Com Essay

COM Industry- eBusiness is the integration of a company’s business including products, procedures, and services over the Internet. [pic] †¢ You turn your company from a business into an eBusiness when you integrate your sales, marketing, accounting, manufacturing, and operations with your web site activities. †¢ An eBusiness uses the Internet as a center for all business activities. †¢ eCommerce is the online component of an eBusiness. †¢ E-business may be defined as the conduct of industry,trade,and commerce using the computer networks. †¢ Naukri. om is an Indian job search engine operating in India founded by Sanjeev Bikhchandani in March1997. †¢ This employment site allows businesses to place job announcements and look through resumes. People looking for employement can post their resumes, ad links to their home page and browse the ads and look at potential employer’s home pages as well. †¢ The site was established in 1997 by Info E dge (India) Ltd. Info Edge is a listed company on the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange. It went public in November 2006. As of March 31, 2011 Naukri. om had a database of about 25 million registered job seekers and over 80,000 live job listings from Corporate Customers. During the Fiscal year 2010-11 Naukri. com serviced approximately 42,000 Corporate Customers, an average of about 12,000 resumes were added while about 72,000 were modified daily in the Naukri. com database in Fiscal year 2010-11. Overview †¢ In India Naukri. com has been ranked at 22nd spot as per Alexa traffic rankings. It has a global ranking of 452. 2,480 sites share their links in the job portal. Usually almost 9 minutes is spent by each viewer in the site nd every page is viewed almost 42 second approximately. Naukri is the leading job site in India and is the premier brand of Info Edge. It has single-handedly given a new dimension to the concept of employment in the country. †¢ After it was found the company has left behind every competitor. Naukri. com as a recruitment agency offers employment related services to both regular job seekers and leading placement agencies and recruiters and corporate houses. Its services are available in both India as well as outside the country. The jobsite offers a wide range of services such as Response Management Tools and Resume Database Access. Among its major services is recruiter branding solutions, Naukri PayCheck, Naukri. com Magazine, Resdex, Naukri on Mobile and Chat and job postings. The site has, at any time, 200,000 jobs and serves almost 35,500 corporate houses. It also publishes a useful report named Naukri JobSpeak, which is brought out on a monthly basis. Corporate strategy Vision †¢ Vision is to create a platform where, in 20 years time, every Indian who is looking for a job can find one. Mission †¢ Every person looking for a Job should get one. Initial Strategy (1997-2000) †¢ The initial marketing strategy was geared towards fulfilling two objectives. The first objective was to get the companies and placement consultants to list their jobs on the web site and the second one was to get job seekers to visit the site. Towards achieving the first objective, an intensive search exercise was carried out. The team went through the previous issues of several newspapers and magazines, went to libraries, scanned Yellow Pages and built a mailing list that contained names and addresses of approximately twenty four thousand companies and placement consultants who had placed an advertisement for jobs in the last five years. Letters were mailed out to them with information about the service. At the same time, another list of newspapers and magazines was compiled. Letters were also sent to these newspapers and magazines informing them of the introduction of this unique service. Advertising was also done but on a very small scale. It was restricted to small-classified displays in newspapers. In effect, initially, the marketing strategy of Naukri. com was based on direct mailing and it was actually a very low cost one. Current Strategy (2001-2004) †¢ The marketing strategy currently being followed by Naukri. om is â€Å"two pronged† one, in the words of their marketing manager Ayesha Kapur. Naukri. com reaches out to two segments primarily – the job seekers and the employers. To reach out to recruiters, Naukri. com has a 130-140 strong sales force across the country that go around and meet the clients face to face, introduce them to the products and explain them. The mechanism adopted to reach out to the other segment, that is, the job seekers, is aggressive advertising. The aggressive advertising has kept momentum only during the last year (2003-2004). Naukri. om has been advertising on television and the print media and is now exploring radio as a medium for advertising its services and products. Advertisement on television has included promotion during the India–Australia cricket game series telecast on the national T. V. network, Doordarshan, in the year 2001. Environmental factors †¢ The major external forces are: †¢ SUPPLY AND DEMAND †¢ If the company has a demand for more professionals and there is limited supply in the market for the professionals demanded by the company, then the company will have to depend upon internal sources by providing them special training and development programs. Attributes and Characteristics †¢ Faster search †¢ Secured access †¢ Personalized data †¢ Customization of data †¢ Privacy protocol †¢ Huge records for recruiter and applicant to search from †¢ Cost effective †¢ Global reach †¢ Reduction in recruitment time by 60% Usability from stakeholder points of view For job hunters †¢ Ease of access to millions of jobs. †¢ Personalized format †¢ Secure login †¢ Global reach †¢ Application time is reduced †¢ Resume developments For employers †¢ Connectivity to millions of job hunters †¢ Real time information updates †¢ Relevant search †¢ E apps to manage resonses †¢ Ease in passing information For government †¢ Increase in GDP †¢ Increase in tax revenues Low unemployable rate IT Infrastructure requirement [pic] 5 layer model of naukri. com infrastructure [pic] Firewall It is a software application mounted on a server at the point where a company is connected to the internet. Its purpose is to prevent unauthorized access into the company from outsiders Demiliterized zone In a DMZ configuration, most computers on the LAN run behind a firewall connected to a public network like the internet. One or more computers also run outside the firewall in the DMZ. Cost benefit analysis They made the market more efficient by reducing ‘search cost’ and ‘transaction cost’ thus making it attractive to get into this market. It is important to understand the reasons for naukri. com and other similar websites registering excellent growth. The job market existed before but naukri. com and other similar websites took initiatives to facilitate certain activities performed in this market. They made the market more efficient by reducing ‘search cost’ and ‘transaction cost’ thus making it attractive to get into this market. In this case, the efficiency in the market also brings in effectiveness as the cycle time to close the transaction becomes short leading to increased satisfaction. That is, when market becomes more efficient, ‘trapped value’ is released which means a new revenue stream for the business organization. Trapped value is also released when a ‘new value system’ gets created, for example, the value of a new found ‘community’ of recruiters and job seekers—they existed earlier but as standalone entities. This leads to savings in cost to search the talent. For recruiters the cost advantage comes from reducing the cost of print ads and other traditional methods. Also they get the great talent quickly so that they can hire the person for the position and continue their operations. For job hunters it saves their cost of running around for hunting down the required jobs. Challenges in Naukri. com business [pic] People- Convenience and connectivity ensures people are just click away to get the right kind of job. The ease of accessing the database for application for the jobs has made it easier for people to search the jobs which suit them. However with increasing number of applicants the increasing database makes it difficult to manage the large pool of offers. Moreover some co-success factors support both efficiency and effectiveness: communities as parts of e-customer relationship management programs improve customer retention , thus avoiding high costs of acquiring new customers. Implementation It’s easy to describe e-commerce and the benefits resulting from its implementation. It’s not so easy to develop and deploy e-commerce systems. Companies have faced significant hurdles in these efforts: Cost. E-commerce requires sophisticated, distributed systems based on new technologies that can touch many of a company’s core business processes. As with all major business systems, e-commerce systems require significant investments in hardware, software, staffing, and training. Businesses need comprehensive solutions that are easy to use and thus help enable cost-effective deployment. Value. Businesses want to know that their investments in e-commerce systems will produce a return. They deploy e-commerce systems to achieve business objectives such as lead generation, business process automation, and cost reduction. They want to ensure that these objectives are met. Businesses also need flexible solutions so that they can easily adapt a system to meet changing business conditions. Security. Because the Internet provides almost universal access, a company’s assets must be protected against misuse, whether accidental or malicious. At the same time, that protection should not compromise a site’s usability or performance nor make its development too complex. There is an additional security issue: Because e-commerce systems enable the collection and usage of sensitive information about individual customers, companies also need to protect the privacy of their customers. Existing Systems. Companies need to be able to harness the functionality of existing applications into e-commerce systems. Most companies new to e-commerce already use information technology to conduct business in non-Internet environments— in existing marketing, order management, billing, inventory, distribution, and customer service systems. The Internet represents an alternative and complementary way to do business. It’s imperative that Internet e-commerce systems integrate existing systems in a manner that avoids duplicate function and maintains usability, performance, and reliability. Interoperability. Interoperability here means the linking of trading partners’ applications in order to exchange business documents. These systems must work together well in order to achieve business objectives. For example, the order-management application of a business partner must interoperate with the inventory applications of its suppliers. Interoperation between businesses reduces costs and improves performance. It enables the implementation of more dynamic value chains. Business partners Brijj- professional networking Merination- study material Jeevansaathi- Indian matrimonial site Allcheck deals- real estate in india Zomato- food guide 99 acres- real estate in india Shiksha- education and career Mydala. com- deal offering site PEST Analysis POLITICAL: 1. Government support for increasing Internet penetration in India. 2. Tax benefits to corporate. 3. Government policy to increase jobs 4. Pumping money in the infrastructure ECONOMICAL 1. Booming Indian economy. 2. Increase in Indian GDP 3. Increase in ratio of Employed to unemployed people 4. Base of internet users multiplied by 10 to 11 times in last 6 years. SOCIAL 1. People spend more time on internet 2. Rise of social networking site 3. High priority on time and convenience. 4. Improving usage of Broadband and high computer literacy. TECHNOLOGICAL 1. increase in broadband services 2. Increasing penetration rate of broadband and wireless internet. 3. Better managed E business site for ease, privacy and advancements in net banking. SWOT Analysis †¢ naukri. com has the first mover advantage. It is still paying off till date with naukri having the best brand recall in terms of job portals. The site design has received great acceptance among Indians. (better than monster and timesjobs) †¢ It has the experience of being in the market for almost a decade. †¢ It has a large market share while monsterindia and Timesjobs are far behind. †¢ It ranked as India’s number one job site on all parameters — page view, reach, and traffic. †¢ It has the advantage of a clear revenue model since its inception. While it has a few services that are free to both job seekers and job providers, the majority of their services are paid for by the recruiters. †¢ It has a very committed team. This is clear from the visits made by them to establish contact. It is known to have one of the best work atmospheres. Weaknesses †¢ It has a large number of employees and hence the company incurs a high cost for managing salesforce. †¢ There is a high level of attrition. †¢ Employer Branding on Naukri. com is hardly visible which is a major product flaw on the portal Opportunities †¢ Internet users are increasing day by day. Approximately, 7. 5 million urban Indians are using the net. †¢ Further, with broadband infrastructure being rolled out, there are more opportunities on the net. †¢ The scope of online recruitment is, therefore, increasing. Like any other o nline recruitment company, it has the advantage of being a low cost medium of recruitment.

Aging Aircraft and Structural Failures

Aloha Airlines Flight 243: Structural Failure of an Aging Aircraft Safety 335 aloha Airlines Flight 243: Structural Failure of an Aging Aircraft The age of the United States' commercial aircraft fleet is a serious problem. The average age of commercial airline fleets is continuing to increase. As of year 2000, more than 2,500 commercial aircraft in the United States were flying beyond their original design lives. In 1988, a major incident in which the top peeled off an Aloha Airlines Boeing 737 in flight, sweeping a flight attendant to her death, was blamed on weak maintenance of the old aircraft's structure.The flight attendant was swept overboard at 24,000 feet after a spontaneous failure of one of the aircraft's longitudinal joints. The aircraft involved, a Boeing 737, had been subjected to the severe operating environment particular to inter-island service during its 19-year lifespan. The Aloha Airlines 737 was the second oldest aircraft still in service. The aircraft, which had been designed for 75,000 flight cycles, had actually accumulated 89,680 cycles with stage lengths of 20 to 40 minutes. This intensive use also inflicts the loads associated with repeated pressurization and de-pressurization of the aircraft's cabin.Fuselage fatigue damage is primarily caused by the application of the pressurization cycle that occurs on each flight. Typically, the inter-island carriers fly at 23,000 ft while the cabin is pressurized to 8,000 creating a 5 psi differential. The fuselage of this aircraft suffered from extensive Multiple Site Damage (MSD). MSD occurs when stress factors are fairly uniform, so that small cracks appear and grow at roughly the same rate. Each individual crack is difficult to see and by itself poses little problem; however, the small cracks can join together to form a large crack (Oster, Clinton, Strong, Zorn, 1992).The Aloha 737's MSD's were cracks extending on both sides of rivet holes along the upper row of the lap joints along the fuselag e. Two other major fuselage failures existed on the upper row of rivets on the S10L lap joint. Near the forward entry door, the MSD cracks had joined to form a single crack about 6-8 inches long. Two passengers noticed this crack as they boarded the aircraft in Hilo, HI. The crack was long enough and wide enough that the internal fiberglass insulation was being extruded from it. The passengers did not report the crack, feeling that if the aircraft was not safe, the airline would obviously not fly it (NTSB, 1988).The focus of the National Transportation Safety Board's (NTSB) hearings were the failure of the Boeing 737's design to Safely Decompress. Contrary to the NTSB findings, the fuselage did tear open a Safe Decompression Flap as designed. If the Flight Attendant had not been standing directly underneath the Flap when it occurred, the plane would probably not have suffered an explosive decompression (Hinder, 2000). The forces exerted on the fuselage by leveling of the aircraft wa s the final blow that caused a link up of MSD cracks at BS500 (Approximately Row 5) which were arrested by the Safe Decompression design causing the Flap to open.At the instant in time represented by Figure 1, the aircraft is in the process of rotating from climb to level flight, there is a tear in the S10L lap joint at approximately in front of row 1 and a Safe Decompression Flap at approximately Row 5. [pic] Figure 1 The cabin was pressurized. With the approximately 10†³ x10†³ opening, the internal cabin air began to escape at over 700 mph. The Flight Attendant who was reaching to pick up a cup from Passenger 5B was immediately sucked into but not through the Safe Decompression Flap. Only the Flight Attendant's right arm and head were forced through the opening.This effectively slammed the door shut on a 700 mph jet stream. The resultant reaction to corking a high velocity fluid flow is called a Fluid Hammer. The attempt to stop the high velocity airflow causes a pressur e spike of high value (hundreds of pounds per square inch) and short duration (only tens of thousandths of a second). The fuselage integrity was severely degraded due to the MSD and its 0. 036†³ (36 thousandths of an inch) pressure boundary wall thickness is only designed for about 8. 5 psi normal operating pressure differential. The fuselage could barely contain the normal operating pressure.The Fluid Hammer caused the fuselage skin to crack (Hinder, 2000). Fluid flow always follows the path of least resistance. With the Flap at row 5 plugged and the fuselage skin between in front of row 1 and row 5 completely severed, the internal cabin pressure begins to push outward on the fuselage skin, sensing the weakest point as halfway between in front of row 1 and row 5. This is the location identified by the NTSB as the probable location of the initial failure. For the next 0. 6 seconds (6 tenths of a second) the aircraft is propelled nose down and to the right by the internal air es caping from the disintegrating fuselage.The Flight Attendant begins to slide toward the rear of the aircraft as the lap joint separates. See Figure 2. [pic] Figure 2 For the next 1. 2 seconds the aircraft the moves up and to the left as sections of the fuselage continue to peel away. The section between row 1 and row 5 blows out and downward. The roof section blows up, tearing from the row 1 seam. At row 5, the roof crack angles diagonally back toward the top centerline of the aircraft. Aft of row 5, along the lap joint, above the joint, a diagonal piece folds back over on itself.Below the joint, the window belt section tears in a backward direction. The Flight Attendant continues to slide rearward. See Figure 3. [pic] Figure 3 The window belt section aft of row 5 and below the lap-joint folds back over rearward. This pops out the window just forward of the row 6 seam and tears the fuselage from the window to the lap joint. This allows the Flight Attendant's head and body to drop ap proximately 1 foot just as the section slams against the exterior fuselage. See Figure 4. [pic] Figure 4 The pilots told of a sudden whooshing sound at 24,000 ft. flying debris in the cockpit and a bouncing 25-mile descent with one engine out. The flight was diverted to Maui and a successful landing was accomplished with a significant portion of the fuselage missing. Sixty-nine of the 95 passengers sustained injuries from flailing wires, metal strips and wind burn (Hinder, 2000). According to the NTSB's report on the investigation, contributing factors were improper inspection by company maintenance personnel, inadequate supervision of maintenance personnel, inadequate supervision by the FAA and inadequate aircraft equipment from the manufacturer.Numerous other structural failure incidents of note in the same time period also brought to light significant problems to be addressed. In October 1988, a foot long crack was noted in a B-737 while stripping paint. In December 1988, a B-727 was noted with a 14†³ crack in the fuselage. In February 1989, a B-747 cargo door failed, the fuselage was torn off and nine passengers were sucked to their deaths. In July 1989, a pre-flight inspection revealed a 20†³ long fatigue crack in the wing of a B-727 (Oster, et al, 1992).Though durability and damage tolerance were issues prior to this, the Aloha incident is generally considered to be the start of the Federal Aviation Authorities (FAA) Focused Aging Aircraft Program. The first response to the accident was an industry-wide review of the adequacy of aircraft design and efficacy of maintenance programs. In general, the aviation community found that with proper maintenance and structural modifications and with attention to service related damage such as fatigue and corrosion, the service lives of airplanes could be safely extended (Seher, Smith, 2001).To identify and rectify issues related to operation of aircraft beyond their designed service objectives, the Air Wor thiness Assurance Working Group (AAWG), the National Aging Aircraft Program, and the National Aging Aircraft Research Programs were established. The National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) and the United States Air Force joined in and concentrated on research in fatigue and fracture issues associated with crack initiation, crack growth and residual strength of multi-site damaged fuselage skins (Seher, Smith, 2001).Though progress has been made in the area of aging aircraft, the continued desire to maintain aircraft in revenue service beyond their design service objectives and the poor financial performance of carriers, there will almost certainly be new structural integrity problems. It is the mission of the FAA's Aging Aircraft and Continued Airworthiness Programs to ensure that age-related problems are predicted and eliminated or mitigated prior to their having a major impact on safety. References Hinder, Prof. , (2000, January 17).Flight 243 Separation Sequence, Pos ted to Disaster city, archived at www. disastercity. com. National Transportation Safety Board Report Identification: DCA88MA054-AAR-89/03. Air Carrier Aloha Airlines Inc. , April 28, 1988, Maui, HI. Oster, C. , Strong, J. , Zorn, K. , (1992), Why Airplanes Crash, Aviation Safety in a Changing World, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Seher, C. , Smith, C. , (2001), Managing the Aging Aircraft Problem, Symposium on Aging Mechanisms and Control, Manchester, England.

Apush 1790s Essay

Vital domestic and foreign events have occurred in the 1790s and were both what helped shape American politics. There were domestic affairs such as the Whiskey Treaty, establishment of the first bank of the United States, Alien and Sedition Acts, and discussion of narrow and broad views of the constitution. Foreign events include the XYZ Affair, Jay’s Treaty, and Pickney’s Treaty. There were two political parties that were shaped by these and many other affairs: Federalists and Republicans. The Federalists who supported Hamilton who wanted a strong centralized government, high taxes, and a national bank to find financial stability in the country. The Republicans were supporters of Jefferson who wanted to limit federal power, not create a national bank because of which they had a narrow interpretation of the Constitution. Hamilton, the Federalist, tried to repay the debt the U. S. had owed. This caused tension between the North and South creating the two parties: Federalist and Republican. A domestic affair , the Whiskey Tax was promoted by Hamilton which the tax money was used to pay off debts the U.  S. had owed. The establishment of the First Bank of the United States was what helped create the thoughts of Federalists of creating a financially stable nation. Though opposed by Jefferson saying that it would only benefit merchants and investors and hurt the rest of the country, it was established anyway. The Alien and Sedition Acts were used by Federalists to get rid of whatever Republican enemies they had from France. The Acts made it harder for one to become a citizen, creating a stronger Federalist Party. It also allowed the President to deport anyone of suspicion of making false writings about the government. This was later ruled as unconstitutional by Jefferson and repealed. The Federalist Party was shaped by domestic affairs into becoming a party that cared a lot about the country’s financial position. The foreign affairs for example the XYZ Affair, almost led to war between the United States and France. The United States had sent Federal diplomats to negotiate with the French, but was asked for compensation to make agreements. The U. S. didn’t compensate any money and later came back to negotiate under serious conditions. This Federal victory had led to the Alien and Sedition Acts. Jay’s Treaty was opposed by the Republicans because of the negotiations made with Great Britain for trading purposes. These commercial reasons were thought by the Republicans that there would be a ruling elite group of merchants and investors and a large group of the poor remaining population. More and more wanting of financial stability of the country Is what led to the Pickney treaty that allowed the U. S. to use the Mississippi River trading route granted by Spain. The Republican Party was weak in forming their party because of the power it had in compare to the Federalists. The creation of the Federalists and Republicans were what Washington wished to avoid, but inevitably were created. The domestic and foreign affairs containing from the Whiskey Tax to the Pickney Treaty were used by Federalists to increase their party’s strength and to fix the nation’s debt. The Republicans, though still unmanageable to receive any favors in the Federal government, still benefitted from events like the Alien and Sedition Acts which were to be later used against the Federalists as unconstitutional to help win Jefferson’s presidency. The 1790s was an important time period in creating the first two opposing political parties.

Healthy Promotion Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Healthy Promotion Proposal - Essay Example on, the parents can also benefit from the project since the children will be educated on how to include the whole family while planning the healthy meals. The project will utilize the education strategies that are easily understandable by the target population. The scholars will be taught how to make healthy food choices, based on the available food items in their localities. Concepts of balanced diets and portion sizes will be explained to them in simple ways that are easy to understand. The educators will use models of the Plate method and Food pyramid to explain portion sizes and different colors to represent the various food groups. For instance, the educators will use white to represent starches and carbohydrates, green for vegetables and golden brown for proteins. The educators will also include activities that help in the attainment of the project goals. For instance, the students will be taught how to make diet plans that include the correct portions sizes for each food group. They will also be taught on the various food options that are healthy, for example whole grains instead of refined carbohydrates, unsaturated fats instead of trans-fats, etc. Exercises will be held after the teaching sessions to test their level of understanding and also to reinforce the knowledge acquired in the oral teaching sessions. Apart from designing meals, the students will be educated on the physiological consequences of taking certain foods. They will be taught on the roles of the different food groups in the body such as provision of energy, digestion and glycemic index, storage of excess energy and development of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and obesity. However, the educators will ensure that they are keen to avoid using technical terms to facilitate easier understanding of the concepts. The project is important to the target population in several ways. First, it provides basic knowledge on proper nutrition principles, thus facilitating